| Official Name : Guadeloupe
Said : Karukéra (island of beautiful waters), Emerald Isle ...
Area : 1704 km ²
Population : 428,000 inhabitants in 1996
Density : 251 inhabitants / km ²
Capital : Basse-Terre
Official language : French
Common language : Creole
Currency : Euro
Guadeloupe ("Gwadloup" in Creole) is both a county region of the French overseas and European outermost region, located in the Americas, the official department code is "971."
This small Caribbean territory located in the Caribbean Sea, is about 6700 km from mainland France, 600 km north coast of South America, 700 km east of the Dominican Republic and 2 200 km southeast of the United States. In addition, it consists of islands and islets, including two major settlements: the Grande-Terre, Basse-Terre Guadeloupe forming itself. Several neighboring lands, Marie-Galante, the Saintes archipelago (Terre-de-Haut and Terre-de are administratively attached to that territory.
On March 19, 1946, the former colonies of the French Empire gave way to the French Union, but the French West Indies approach the status of the metropolis and become overseas departments: Guadeloupe and Martinique (department of Guadeloupe also integrate St. Bartholomew and St. Martin in a special district).
On February 14, 1952, in the town of Mold, a strike organized by the workers of the factory Gardel for an increase in their wages. Dams were erected by the strikers. Finally, the French military site were ordered to fire on the crowd and the balance sheet is 4 dead and 14 wounded. According to some reports, some victims were not directly related to the strike. Locally these events are called the Massacre of St. Valentine.
New riots take place on 25 , 26 May 27, 1967 during demonstrations in working for a wage increase of 2.5%. These events lead to clashes with the CRS, and cause death of 5 to 87 people, according to sources, including Jacques Nestor, a famous activist GONG and several wounded. Those arrested will be released by the court.
With the arrival of the Socialists to power in France, the decentralization law was passed in 1982 and the region of Guadeloupe is created, integrating the 22 regions in metropolitan France. In the process, the Regional Council of Guadeloupe was born in 1983.
Guadeloupe is now part of metropolitan France and its history is celebrated Pantheon .
The Pantheon was originally built in the eighteenth century as a church. Thus in 1744, located in Metz and suffering from a serious illness, Louis XV vowed, if he survives, to create a church dedicated to St. Genevieve.
Restored and returned to Paris, it loads the Marquis de Marigny, Director General of the buildings, to build the monument in place of the old abbey of Sainte-Geneviève, then in ruins, to house the shrine (reliquary containing the body of a saint) of St. Genevieve.
The Pantheon, located up the pantheon 75005 Paris, opposite Luxembourg Gardens, Transport: RER B: Luxembourg Metro stop: line 10, stop Maubert-Mutual is a secular monument dedicated to the memory of great men of the nation.
It aims to meet famous people and recall events in the history of France. Its various successive destinations, decoration, inscriptions and symbols contained therein, to browse the construction - slow and mixed - of the French nation.
In the crypt, usually underground chapel built around the tomb of a saint, is depicted the life and work of great philosophers and writers such as Jacques overseas territories of Bologna, Louis Delgrès, Alexandre Dumas, Aime Cesaire and Felix Eboue, scholars. The home also honors his son by writing their names on the temple walls Republican. More than a thousand names are registered. We find the lists in the List of people mentioned in the Pantheon in Paris. |
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Jacques de Bologne
(1745-1799) |
Jacques de Bologna, "Le Chevalier de Saint-Georges", this quartet mestizo son of a settler and a slave Guadeloupe, which in the eighteenth century, his reputation has taken his talents to fencer, violinist, composer and conductor. In early 1779, St. George plays music with Queen Marie-Antoinette at Versailles on request |
Louis Delgrès
(1766-1802) |
After the French Revolution, slavery was abolished by the Convention February 4, 1794. Guadeloupe, being under British rule, a party led by the Commissioner of the Republic Victor Hugo came dislodge the occupants and implement Republic Act. In January 1802, Colonel Louis Delgrès officer mulatto, is placed at the head of the district of Basse-Terre. In February 1802, General Richepance just restore slavery on the orders of Napoleon Bonaparte. Delgrès opposes the expeditionary force and becomes Richepance with Ignatius, a rebel officer and an opposition determined to restore slavery. On May 20, Delgrès is forced to retreat to Fort Basse-Terre he must then give up on May 22 and take refuge beneath the Soufriere Matouba to St. Claude. On May 28, 1802, finding himself lost, and his 300 companions Delgrès suicide bombings in their refuge from the housing to Danglemont Matouba and uphold the revolutionary motto "Live free or die.
His motto is that of the French Republic: "live free or die." A plaque commemorating the work of Louis Delgrès is the Pantheon. |
Alexandre Dumas
(1802-1870) |
* Alexandre Dumas is a handful **. He has a grandfather who emigrated penniless marquis in 1760 on the island of Santo Domingo married to a black slave named Marie-Cessette Dumas.
The main works are: - The Three Musketeers (1844) - The Count of Monte Cristo (1845-46) - La Reine Margot (1845) - La Dame de Monsoreau (1846)
Alexandre Dumas is the Pantheon. |
Toussaint Louverture
(1746-1803) |
His talent is not only military . Wherever he goes, he confirmed the emancipation of slaves. It organizes the restarting of plantations by encouraging settlers to return, including those who fought against the Republic, and despite the opinion of representatives of the French authority.
Toussaint Louverture was born François-Dominique Toussaint, 20 May 1746 in a house near Cap-French died April 7, 1803 in Fort de Joux La Cluse-and-Mijoux France. It is known for being the first Black leader to have defeated the forces of a European colonial empire in his own country. Born a slave, having distinguished itself with arms and leading a successful struggle for the liberation of slaves in Haiti, it became an important historical figure in the movement for black empowerment in America.
This is the greatest leader of the Haitian Revolution, later became governor of Santo Domingo (the name of Haiti at the time).
A plaque commemorating the work of Toussaint Louverture is the Pantheon. |
| The mulatto Solitude (1772-1802) |
Born around 1772, rape his mother underwent a sailor on the boat that took him in Guadeloupe, she lived the first eight years of his life with his mother, who had fled from his plantation. In her teens, she chose to fight against slavery, negro becomes brown and is called Solitude.
It is the French Revolution, with the first abolition of slavery, that black colonies acquire a taste for freedom. But Napoleon sent Richepanse restore slavery in Guadeloupe in 1802, which triggered a conflict between the Napoleonic troops and battalions of the Black Republican Army. She attends the resistance and the heroic deaths of Ignatius and Delgrès.
The larger packages correspond in the mouth of A. Lacour ("History of Guadeloupe", 1858) to the strength of black against the restoration of slavery by Napoleon. She unsuccessfully fought to avoid a life of slavery to the child she was carrying. After her arrest, she was sentenced to death. The day after his birth, November 29, 1802, she was executed. |
Frantz Fanon
(1925-1961) |
* Frantz Fanon, born July 20, 1925 in Fort-de-France, Martinique and died December 6, 1961 in Washington, was a French psychiatrist and essayist.
He is a founder of the school of thought third world. Thinker deeply involved, he sought to analyze the psychological effects of colonization on both the colon and the colonized. In his most famous books, he analyzes the process of decolonization in the corners sociological, philosophical, and psychiatry, but he also wrote important articles in their field: psychiatry.
In 1943, he joined the Free French forces and joined the army after the French Caribbean rallying to General de Gaulle. Fighting with the French army of General de Lattre de Tassigny, he was wounded in the Vosges. From the beginning of the war in Algeria in 1954, he joined with the nationalist resistance and made contact with some officers of the National Liberation Army and with the political leadership of the FLN, and Abane Ramdane Benyoucef Benkhedda in particular.
His best known book is The Wretched of the Earth, since he designed his hospital bed in 1961 as a manifesto for the anti-colonial struggle and the emancipation of the Third World. He inspired liberation movements in Africa or the Black Panther Party in the United States.
His works, the most famous are :
- The eye is drowning, Hands parallel and conspiracy, three plays novel written between 1949 and 1950;
- Black Skin, White Masks, 1952;
- The fifth year of the Algerian revolution, 1959;
- The Wretched of the Earth, La Découverte, 1961;
- For the African Revolution, La Découverte, 1964.
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| Aimé Césaire (1913-2008) |
In September 1934, Césaire basis, with other students and African-Guyanese antillo (including Leon Gontran Damascus, Guadeloupe Guy Tirolien, the Senegalese Leopold Sedar Senghor and Diop Birago), the newspaper's black students. It is in the pages of this magazine only appear for the first time the term "Negritude". This concept, coined by Aimé Césaire in response to cultural oppression of the French colonial system, is to reject the one hand the French project of cultural assimilation and to promote Africa and its culture, devalued by racism from the 'colonialist ideology.
His main works were :
- 1939 Notebook of a Return to My Native Land, Wills Review No. 20, 1939, Pierre Bordas 1947, Presence Africaine, Paris, 1956.
- Weapons miraculous 1946, 1946, Gallimard, Paris, 1970
- Soleil cou coupe 1947, 1947, K. Editions, Paris, 1948
- 1950 Corps perdu (etchings by Picasso), Editions Fragrance, Paris, 1950
- 1960 Fittings, Seuil, Paris, 1960, from 1991 to 1961 Cadastre, Seuil, Paris, 1961
- Complete Works 1976 (three volumes), Desormeaux, Fort-de-France, 1976
His thought and his poetry also clearly marked African intellectuals and African Americans in their struggle against colonization and acculturation.
The cultural policy of Aimé Césaire is embodied by its commitment to culture within the reach of the people and promote local artists.
It is marked by the establishment of the first annual Festival of Fort-de-France in 1972, with the collaboration of Jean-Marie Serreau and Yvan Labéjof and the establishment of a permanent cultural structure by installing the Parc Floral de Fort-de-France and neighborhoods, for the first time in Martinique of a professional team around Yves Marie Séralini commissioned for this task, from August 1974.
In 1976, on the foundations of the team of the Office of Culture interim, it will be the formal establishment of the Municipal Cultural Action Service (SERMAC) led by Jean-Paul Cesaire, who through workshops 'Popular arts (dance, crafts, music) and the prestigious Festival of Fort-de-France, highlights of shares previously despised culture martiniquaise.Le Sermac is directed in recent years by Lydia Betis. |
| 26-27 May 1967 in Guadeloupe |
Workers protest buildings who wanted to have 2.5% increase in wages. Guadeloupe is to fire and blood on the Place de la Victoire, Pointe-à-Pitre, with riot police fired live ammunition into crowds of mostly young people (see report of the issuance Further investigation France 2 with jean Chomereau Lamotte, http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x95yge_antilles-le-massacre-oublie-de-mai6_news) causing about 87 deaths. Guadeloupeans can move forward knowing the events to prepare for a better future. |
| Elie Domota and movement LKP "Collective against high prices" |
The main demands on the 146 are :
- An immediate recovery and therefore at least € 200 low wages, pensions and social minimum to increase the purchasing power to support the consumption of Guadeloupe and generally demand
- A minimum wage Guadeloupe calculated on the actual cost of living in Guadeloupe
- Lower tax rate on fuel
- The elimination of taxation of local products.
- The freezing of rents for an indefinite period, and in 2009 the cancellation of the increase of 2.98% of these
- The obligation for hiring disabled workers in lieu of payment of the penalty provided by law.
- Transparency of pricing water, transport, fuel, rent, gas, electricity, new technologies of information and communication
- The immediate drop of 50 cents in fuel prices
- The decrease in water prices, the price of passenger transport, the price of communications
- The elimination of taxes on fertilizers, herbicides, seeds, animal feed and diesel, etc.., For agricultural production
- Stopping the establishment of new stations
- Consideration essential media programming language and culture Guadeloupe.
http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x8ho99_guadeloupe-reaction-de-domota-leade_news movement that began January 20, 2009 in Guadeloupe, has developed into a pandemic in the West Indies. This is especially the West Indians can live with a living wage.
http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x8x9qi_elie-domota-le-lkp-et-les-etats-gen_news
http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x8kldx_accord-lkp-ecole-en-avant-toute_news : Vocational training is the chance of young people in the Caribbean especially in the tourist, new technologies, business creation . This is to be bold and take collective action in the associations, the SMEs to successfully solve the problems of employment, housing and rising prices for staple goods. |
| Euzhan Palcy born January 13, 1958 in Martinique |
Euzhan Palcy is the first black woman filmmaker in the history of American cinema (price Orson Welles for his work). She became a Knight of the Order of Merit in 1994 and received the Legion of Honor from President Jacques Chirac in 2004.
His films are: The street box negro in 1983, a Dry White Season in 1989, How are the children in 1990, Simeon in 1992, Aimé Césaire, a word for the twenty-first century in 1994, Golf dissidents in 2005, The Isle Bourbon married in 2007. |
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Guadeloupe, island of the passions |
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